Baseline Monitoring Report (Rev. 3)

for

Mai Po Nature Reserve Infrastructure Upgrade

Project (Environmental Permit No. EP-598/2022)

July 2023

(Version 3.0)

Certified By Environmental Team Leader:

(Joan Choi)

Company: Ka Shing Management Consultancy Ltd.

Table of Content

Page

No.

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

1. PROJECT BACKGROUND ...................................................................................... 1

2. ECOLOGY ................................................................................................................ 2

3. LANDSCAPE AND VISUAL ..................................................................................... 3

3.1 Baseline Review of Landscape and Visual Conditions ..................................... 3

3.2 Methodology of Baseline Review .................................................................... 12

3.3 Findings .......................................................................................................... 13

3.4 Conclusion ...................................................................................................... 22

4. WATER QUALITY .................................................................................................. 23

4.1 Monitoring Requirements ................................................................................ 23

4.2 Event / Action Plan ......................................................................................... 24

4.3 Monitoring Procedure ..................................................................................... 26

4.4 Data Management and QA/QC ....................................................................... 27

4.5 Discussion and Recommendations ................................................................ 28

List of Appendices

Appendix A Location plan and site layout plan of the Mai Mai Po Nature Reserve

Infrastructure Upgrade Project.

Appendix B Photographic comparison of baseline condition of Landscape Resources (LRs)

between EIA Stage and Present (3

, 4

& 24

March, 2023).

Appendix C Photographic comparison of baseline condition of Landscape Character Areas

(LCAs) between EIA Stage and Present (3

, 4

& 24

March, 2023).

Appendix D Baseline tree photo records with tree survey plan and tree assessment schedule

conducted between 10

& 13

March, 2023.

Appendix E Photographic comparison of photomontages VP01 to VP07 between EIA stage

and Present (3

March, 2023).

Appendix F Tree Information included in App. D of Approved EIA Report.

Appendix G Tree Schedule and Survey Plan prepared for the Tree Preservation and Removal

Proposal on March 2022.

Appendix H Layout plans showing the approved monitoring locations.

Appendix I Calibration certificates of equipment used.

Appendix J Supplementary Meteorological Data.

Appendix K Water Sampling Data Record

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

1. Ka Shing Management Consultancy Ltd. has been commissioned by the World Wide Fund

for Nature Hong Kong (“WWF”) to undertake the assignment as the Environmental Team

(ET) for the Designated Project of Mai Po Nature Reserve Infrastructure Upgrade Project.

This Baseline Report is prepared by Ka Shing Management Consultancy Ltd for Contract.

2. The Project under Mai Po Nature Reserve Infrastructure Upgrade Project (Register No.

AEIAR-233/2022) is approved by the Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) report and

later granted an Environmental Permit (EP) (Permit No. EP-598/2022). The approved EIA

report described both the construction phase and operational phase.

3. According to the approved Environmental Monitoring & Audit (EM&A) Manual, ET

checks will be conducted during the breeding season to check for the presence of breeding

ardeids within 500m of the footprint of project elements. These checks should be carried

out two weeks prior to construction commencing and the day before.

4. Prior to the commencement of construction works, a Baseline Landscape and Visual Report

shall be prepared to check, record and report the status of the Landscape Resources (LRs)

and Landscape Character Areas (LCAs) within the works areas and the Visually Sensitive

Receivers (VSRs) within the visual envelope. The Landscape and Visual Impact

Assessment (LVIA) in the EIA Report may be used to formulate the Baseline Monitoring

Report provided that there have been no significant changes to the status of LRs, LCAs

and VSRs since the approval of the EIA Report. The baseline landscape condition of the

areas within and adjacent to the described proposed TH2 and TH3 remains unchanged

since the EIA stage. The views of the Project site and adjacent areas from identified VSR

are also expected to have remained unchanged.

5. The construction water quality monitoring is required to be performed during the

construction phase of the Project. As part of the EM&A programme, baseline monitoring

is required to determine the ambient environmental conditions. Prior to the commencement

of construction work of the Project, baseline water quality at all designated monitoring

stations was carried out from 4th March 2023 to 29th March 2023.

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1. PROJECT BACKGROUND

1.1 The Mai Po Nature Reserve has served Hong Kong as one of the most valuable ecological assets

in the city, and is managed by the World Wide Fund for Nature Hong Kong (“WWF”). WWF

proposes to update of an existing concrete footpath of about 1.5m wide to a raised wooden

boardwalk of about 1.65m wide, construction of a new three-storey tower hide (TH2) and the

associated access wooden boardwalk of about 156m long and 1.65m wide; and construction of a

new three-storey tower hide (TH3) and the associated access wooden boardwalk of about 85m

long and 1.65m wide. The location of the Project as shown in the Appendix A of this report.

1.2 The project site is located in Mai Po Nature Reserve (MPNR) where has been managed by World

Wide Fund for Nature Hong Kong (“WWF”) since 1984. More than 20,000 people per year

visiting the MPNR and growing in visitor numbers is anticipated. Most of the existing facilities

have been in use for more than 20 years, in order to cater for an increasing number of visitors and

providing the good condition of facilities in the future, the upgrade of infrastructure is proposed.

The WWF had completed an Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) and is the Permit Holder.

1.3 The Project under Mai Po Nature Reserve Infrastructure Upgrade Project (Register No. AEIAR-

233/2022) is approved by the EIA report and later granted an EP (Permit No. EP-598/2022). The

approved EIA report described both the construction phase and operational phase.

1.4 Ka Shing Management Consultancy Ltd. has been commissioned by the WWF to undertake the

assignment as the Environmental Team (ET) for the Designated Project of Mai Po Nature Reserve

Infrastructure Upgrade Project.

1.5 In accordance with the Project EM&A Manual requirements, water quality monitoring,

ecological monitoring, and site inspections should be covered in this Contract. Overall, the

EM&A works follows the demarcation of monitoring responsibilities.

1.6 The objective of this Baseline Monitoring Report is to determine the baseline levels of the

environmental aspect of water quality, ecology, landscape and visual issues around the Project

area prior to the commencement of any construction works of the Project.

1.7 The Baseline Monitoring Report presents the details of baseline study including project

background, monitoring methodology, monitoring results, summary of findings and Action/Limit

Levels (AL/LL) established for subsequent use in the Project construction phase EM&A

programme.

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2. ECOLOGY

2.1 Pursuant to Condition 2.11 of the Environmental Permit (EP) (Permit No.: EP-598/2022), The

Permit Holder shall, no later than one month before the commencement of construction of the

Project, carry out on-site inspection within 500m of the footprint of project elements (i.e. TH2,

TH3 and the boardwalk) to confirm whether egretry and breeding ardeids is identified at a

distance that may be affected by the construction works of the Project.

2.2 The on-site inspection under requirements of the EP for an Egretry Mitigation Measures Plan

(EMMP) was conducted on 7 March 2023, which fell within the breeding season of ardeids in

Hong Kong. The inspection has covered all the accessible paths within 500m study area of the

footprint of project elements, with particular focus on the potential nesting area of ardeids (e.g.

bamboos and native/exotic trees). The general view of the study area is shown in Figure 1. During

the inspection, no nest and breeding behavior of ardeids such as nest sitting and chick feeding

were observed within 500m study area.

2.3 The survey was conducted within 500m study area of the footprint of project elements (i.e. TH2,

TH3 and the boardwalk) (Figure.1). The survey was started from 9:00 am and lasted for more

than three hour. During the survey, the egretry was scanned by the surveyor by using binoculars

(Minox 8x42 binoculars). Ardeids breed between March and August in Hong Kong. All active

nests were identified and recorded. Aside from bird nests, any activities related to breeding

behaviour, such as nest sitting and chick feeding, were also recorded. The species composition

and abundance of the breeding ardeids community were recorded.

2.4 As required by the section 6.2.7 of the EM&A Manual, ahead of construction ET checks will be

conducted during the breeding season to check for the presence of breeding ardeids within 500m

of the footprint of project elements. These checks should be carried out two weeks prior to

construction commencing and the day before. Should any egretry be discovered in the vicinity

of works areas, the need for mitigation measures shall be assessed in consultation with

Agriculture, Fisheries and Conservation Department of Hong Kong. Observation will be updated

in the coming Monthly E&MA Report.

2.5 The egretry was scanned by the ET by using binoculars (Minox 8x42 binoculars) and no nests

were found within 500m study area of the footprint of project elements (i.e. TH2, TH3 and the

boardwalk) on 7 March 2023. When there are ongoing construction works within the Project Site,

the ET shall carry out inspections once per week and the IEC shall carry out audits jointly with

the ET once every two weeks throughout the construction period. Inspection findings shall be

logged in a site monitoring report with any discrepancies or concerns regarding the

implementation and effectiveness of mitigation measures highlighted.

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3. LANDSCAPE AND VISUAL

3.0.0 Baseline Landscape and Visual Report aims to record the baseline conditions associated

with the construction of Footpath and Tower Hides at MPNR, and compare with the

relevant Landscape Resources (LRs), Landscape Character Areas (LCAs) and Views of the

Visual Sensitive Receivers (VSRs) identified in the EIA Report and EM&A Manual for

Mai Po Nature Reserve Infrastructure Upgrade Project.

3.0.1 This baseline monitoring report shall be submitted to the Director of Environmental

Protection Department at least 2 weeks before the commencement of the Project.

3.1 Baseline Review of Landscape and Visual Conditions

Review of the Approved EIA Report and fulfil the requirement of Section 8.3 of the EM&A

Manual.

3.1.1 The approval of EIA Report AEIAR-233/2022 Mai Po Nature Reserve Infrastructure

Upgrade Project has been reviewed to extract relevant information about the baseline

conditions of the landscape resources, landscape character of the area and visual sensitive

receivers during the EIA stage.

Landscape Resources (LRs)

3.1.2 At the EIA stage, three landscape resources categories were identified within the project

site which was identified as, LR1 – Vegetation, LR2 – Water Bodies (Hydrology) and LR3

– Planting Surrounding Development Area. Both LR1 & LR2 were further sub-divided into

relevant sub-categories and the identified Landscape Resources are as follows:

Ref. Landscape Resources Extent (m

)

LR1 – VEGETATION

LR1-1 Mangrove 1,268,814

LR1-2 Brackish Marsh 216,600

LR1-3 Wooded Area 9,068

LR1-4

Reed (within Gei Wai and Rain-fed Pond)

N.A.

LR2 – WATER BODIES (HYDROLOGY)

LR2-1 Brackish Gei Wai 1,626,739

LR2-2 Rain-fed Pond 492,035

LR2-3 Commercial Fishpond 1,668,279

LR2-4 Channelised Watercourse 10,064

LR2-5

Watercourse

170,241

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LR2-6 Buffalo Marsh 20,000

LR3 – PLANTING SURROUNDING DEVELOPMENT AREA

LR3-1 Planting surrounding Development Area 550,464

3.1.3 Photographs of the LRs as shown in Figure 9.3 of the approved EIA report are noted.

Descriptions of the baseline condition of the LRs in Section 9.5.3 to Section 9.5.13 of the

approved EIA report are as follows:

LR1 – Vegetation

3.1.4 LR1-1 Mangrove

This is the most extensive vegetation type within the 500m Assessment Area. The entire

LR1-1 falls within Mai Po Inner Deep Bay Ramsar Site. A Ramsar Site is a designated

wetland site considered to be of internationally importance under the Ramsar Convention (an

intergovernmental treaty signed on 2 February 1971 in the city of Ramsar in Iran and entered

into force in 1975). Most of LR1-1 occurs within the MPNR outside the Boundary Fence.

It forms a part of the largest mangrove community in Hong Kong. Dominant species include

the mangrove trees Kandelia obovata and Aegiceras corniculatum, and climbers such as

Derris trifoliata and Paederia scandens. LR1-1 is a unique natural landscape in the Deep

Bay Area with minimal human intervention. It is considered to have low ability to

accommodate change arising from developments. As part of the Ramsar Site, LR1-1 is

considered to be of regional importance and the sensitivity of LR1-1 is considered to be High.

3.1.5 LR1-2 – Brackish Marsh

The brackish marshes are located at the banks of the natural watercourses running

between Shek Shan and Mai Po, as well as along the southeastern perimeter of MPNR. LR1-

2 falls entirely within Mai Po Inner Deep Bay Ramsar Site. These brackish marshes are

subject to tidal influence and are dominated by marsh ferns including Mangrove Fern

Acrostichum aureum and Interrupted Tri-vein Fern Cyclosorus interruptus, wetland plant

species Eichhornia crassipes, Brachiaria mutica and Ipomoea aquatica, and interspersed with

patches of reeds (Phragmites australis). As a unique natural landscape in the Deep Bay Area

with minimal human intervention, LR1-2 is considered to have low ability to accommodate

change arising from developments. LR1-2 is considered to be part of the regionally

importance landscape resources of the Ramsar Site. Due to its high naturalness and unique

nature, LR1-2 is considered to be of High sensitivity to change.

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3.1.6 LR1-3-Wooded Area

LR1-3 refers to the two wooded patches outside the Project site, one at Shek Shan within

MPNR, and the other on the knoll at Tam Kon Chau Police Post and its adjacent area next to

PSFSC. LR1- 3 falls within Mai Po Inner Deep Bay Ramsar Site. The wooded area at Shek

Shan is small and isolated. It is dominated by naturally regenerated native tree species such

as Ficus microcarpa, Ficus tinctoria and Ficus subpisocarpa. The wooded area at Tam Kon

Chau is subject to higher levels of human disturbance as evidenced by the presence of

household waste and construction materials in the woodland understory. This wooded area is

dominated by typical native tree species of woodland fringe areas, including Macaranga

tanarius var. tomentosa, Microcos nervosa, Ficus elastica and Ficus microcarpa, and

common fruit trees such as Litchi chinensis and Sygium jambos. Both of these wooded areas

are small in size and very common and widespread features in Hong Kong. LR1-3 is readily

re-creatable through replanting. As such, it is considered to have a medium ability to

accommodate change arising from developments. The sensitivity of LR1-3 is considered to

be Low.

3.1.7 LR1-4 – Reed

LR1-4 is derived from colonization of reed Phargmites australis into the water bodies

(brackish gei wai or rain-fed ponds). With varying water level due to seasonal changes and

active management, the extent of reed within these water bodies can vary from time to time.

LR1-4 is readily re-creatable through replanting or natural recolonization. As such, it is

considered to have a medium ability to accommodate change from developments. The

sensitivity of LR1-4 is considered to be Medium given it is a natural component of the existing

ponds and within the regionally important Rasmar Site.

LR2 – Water Bodies (Hydrology)

3.1.8 LR2-1 Brackish gei wai

Brackish gei wai is the most dominant LR type within the Project Site and within the boundary

of Mai Po Inner Deep Bay Ramsar Site. These water bodies are connected with the tidal

water of Deep Bay through operational sluice gates, and are managed either to rear shrimps

and fish following traditional practices to provide food for birds, or to provide shallow-water

habitats for roosting of waterbirds in MPNR. Some of the gei wai ponds are dominated by

mangrove stands such as Kandelia obovata and Aegiceras corniculatum, whilst in their

centres there are small tree islands formed by naturally established tree species such as Ficus

subpisocarpa, Macaranga tanarius var. tomentosa and the exotic tree Melia azedarach. The

bunds between ponds and gei wai are varying in width and height dominated by grasses

Panicum spp. and common tree and shrub species such as Macaranga tanarius var. tomentosa,

Melia azedarach and Ficus spp. Brackish gei wai is a unique landscape feature in Mai Po

6 | Page

and the largest area of shrimp culture in Hong Kong, albeit this is no longer undertaken for

commercial purposes. The traditional management practices of these tidal shrimp ponds

form a unique landscape feature. In view of its uniqueness in the Deep Bay area, LR2-1 is

considered to have low ability to accommodate change arising from developments. LR2-1

constitutes a key part of the Ramsar wetland which is considered of regional importance.

The sensitivity of LR2-1 is considered to be High.

3.1.9 LR2-2 – Rain-fed Ponds

These ponds are located within the Project Site and Mai Po Inner Deep Bay Ramsar Site, vary

in water depth and contain a mosaic of microhabitats such as open water, stands of reeds,

sedges, waterlilies and small tree islands, which are actively managed areas to provide

roosting and feeding sites for waterbirds and a wide range of wildlife species in MPNR. The

pond bunds are dominated by common tree species such as Hibiscus tilaceus, Celtis sinensis,

Cerbera manghas, Casuarina equisetifolia and Macaranga tanarius var. tomentosa. Due to

the unique composition and layout of LR2-2, and being a key part of the internationally

important Ramsar Site and as a unique landscape feature in the Deep Bay area, it is considered

to have low ability to accommodate change from developments. LR2-2 is considered to have

High sensitivity to change and regionally important landscape resources.

3.1.10 LR2-3 – Commercial Fish Ponds

This LR is comprised of mostly active fish ponds and a small number of abandoned fish ponds

present both within (at Shek Shan) and outside the MPNR, all within Mai Po Inner Deep Bay

Ramsar Site. The fish ponds form extensive clusters at Lut Chau, Pak Hok Chau, Tam Kon

Chau and the western area of Mai Po. The pond bunds of the active fish ponds are dominated

by grassy vegetation (such as Brachiaria mutica and Panicum maximum), planted fruit trees

(Litchi chinensis, Dimocarpus longan and Clausena lansium) which are typical pond bund

vegetation in village areas. The abandoned ponds have been progressively overgrown with

vegetation such as grasses, reeds Phragmites australis and/or reedmace Typha angustifolia,

with scattered trees such as Macaranga tanarius var. tomentosa, Melia azedarach and

Hibiscus tiliaceus along the bunds. Although commercial fishponds are man-made/

modified landscape features and are not uncommon in rural areas, these extensive fishpond

clusters are the largest in Hong Kong and form a unique LR in the district context. In view

of its man-made/ readily re-creatable nature LR2-3 is considered to have medium ability to

accommodate change arising from developments. The overall sensitivity of LR2-3 is

considered to be Medium.

3.1.11 LR2-4 – Channelised Watercourse

This LR refers to the only channelised watercourse in the Assessment Area located in the

Fairview Park residential estate. It is an artificial feature with a concrete surface

7 | Page

occasionally colonized by wetland plant species. This type of LR is very common in Hong

Kong and offers limited greening opportunities. As an entire man-made and common

feature in the developed areas, LR2-4 is considered to have high ability to accommodate

change arising from developments. The sensitivity of LR2-4 is considered to be Low.

3.1.12 LR2-5 – Watercourse

LR2-5 refers to those natural watercourses of varying sizes connecting different types of

wetlands and providing drainage to the Assessment Area. LR2-5 is entirely within Mai Po

Inner Deep Bay Ramsar Site. The riparian vegetation are naturally established dominated

by species including herbs Cyperus malaccensis, Brachiaria mutica and Ludwigia

hyssopifolia, mangal vegetation Acrostichum aurreum and Acanthus ilicifolius and some tree

and shrub species such as Morus alba, Melia azedarach and Musa x paradisiaca. LR2-5 is

a fairly common feature in the New Territories and is largely natural but might have been

subject to minor modifications (e.g. channelization/ drainage diversion works at intervals to

connect to existing drainage systems). As such, LR2-5 is considered to have medium ability

to accommodate change arising from developments. ILR2-5 is considered to have Medium

sensitivity to change.

3.1.13 LR2-6 – Buffalo Marsh

LR2-6 (pond no. 17b) of approximately 20,000 m

was previously a rain-fed pond which was

overgrown with spreading reed with little aquatic plants. As a reed control experiment,

habitat enhancement work had been implemented by WWF in pond no. 17b since 2020 to

remove excessive reeds. Water buffalos had also been introduced to control reed growth and

vegetation height through grazing. LR1-6 was found containing some water in low-lying

area portions and little vegetation during the recent site visit. As an actively managed,

almost drained pond with little vegetation and low amenity, LR2-6 is considered to have high

ability to accommodate change and Low sensitivity to change from developments.

LR3 – Planting Surrounding Development Area

3.1.14 LR3-1 – Planting Surrounding Development Area

LR3-1 mainly refers to the existing plantings in residential areas at Fairview Park and Palm

Springs, a few village houses next to the MPNR’s entrance, other associated man-made

facilities (e.g. PSFSC) in the G/IC zone, and any man-made features (e.g. paved foot-paths)

and facilities in MPNR. Landscape resources such as trees/ shrubs in this category is found

surrounding/ adjacent to buildings, walls, roads, car parks, and open space, etc. Vegetation in

the developed areas is confined to the open space in the residential estates and roadside

plantings, dominated by ornamental species such as Lagerstroemia speciosa, Bauhinia x

blakeana, Caryota maxima and Archontophoenix alexandrae and fruit tree species. This

type of man-made landscape resources is common and widespread throughout Hong Kong,

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and is subject to on-going modifications/ redevelopment and undergoing small-scale changes.

It is considered to have high ability to accommodate change. Sensitivity of LR3-1 is

considered as Low.

Existing Trees within Project Site

3.1.15 The Updated Tree Survey Report prepared in March 2021 which was included in the

approved EIA Report, a total of 383 trees of 22 species were found within the Project Site.

No registered or potentially registrable Old and Valuable Tree (OVT) or rare/ protected tree

species were recorded within the Project Site. In general, the conditions of the trees within

the Project Site were found to be fair to poor. The average tree height was found to be 9m.

The dominant native tree species are Celtis sinensis and Hibiscus tiliaceus, and the main

exotic plantation species is Casuarina equisetifolia.

3.1.16 The tree species composition within the survey area as listed in App. D of the approved EIA

report is summerised as follows:

Scientific Name

Chinese

Common

Name

Origin

Number of

Trees

% of Trees

1. Albizia lebbeck

大葉合歡

Exotic

5 1.3%

Artocarpus

heterophyllus

菠蘿蜜

Exotic

1 0.3%

Bridelia

tomentosa

土蜜樹

Native

2 0.5%

Casuarina

equisetifolia

木麻黃

Exotic

51 13.3%

5. Celtis sinensis

朴樹

Native

66 17.2%

Cerbera

manghas

海杧果

Native

34 8.9%

7. Dead tree

死樹

NA 9 2.3%

Dimocarpus

longan

龍眼

Exotic

1 0.3%

9. Ficus microcarpa

細葉榕

Native

10 2.6%

10.

Ficus

subpisocarpa

筆管榕

Native

31 8.1%

11. Ficus virens

大葉榕

Native

1 0.3%

12.

Heritiera

littoralis

銀葉樹

Native

4 1.0%

13.

Hibiscus

tiliaceus

黃槿

Native

39 10.2%

14. Ilex rotunda

鐵冬青

Native

1 0.3%

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Scientific Name

Chinese

Common

Name

Origin

Number of

Trees

% of Trees

15. Kandelia obovata

秋茄樹

Native

17 4.4%

16. Litchi chinensis

荔枝

Exotic

1 0.3%

17. Litsea glutinosa

潺槁樹

Native

3 0.8%

18.

Macaranga

tanarius var.

tomentosa

血桐

Native

34 8.9%

19.

Melaleuca

cajuputi subsp.

cumingiana

白千層

Exotic

1 0.3%

20. Melia azedarach

楝

Native

53 13.6%

21. Morus alba

桑

Native

1 0.3%

22.

Sapium

sebiferum

烏桕

Native

15 3.9%

23.

Sterculia

lanceolata

假蘋婆

Native

3 0.8%

Total

383

100%

Landscape Character Areas (LCAs)

3.1.17 A total of four LCAs were identified within the 500m Assessment Area as listed in Table 9-

4 of the approved EIA Report and described in the following sections.

Ref.

LCA

Extent (m

)

LCA1

Comprehensive Residential Development Area: Fairview Park

and Palm Springs

548,620

LCA2

Inter-tidal Coast Landscape: Mai Po Nature Reserve (Frontier

Closed Area)

1,298,286

LCA3 Offshore Water Landscape: Shan Pui River and Deep Bay 45,075

LCA4

Rural Coastal Plain Landscape: Mai Po Nature Reserve and

Adjacent Ponds

4,253,713

3.1.18 Photograph of the LCAs as shown in Figure 9.5 of the approved EIA report are noted.

Descriptions of the baseline condition of the LCA in Section 9.5.19 to Section 9.5.22 of the

approved EIA report are as follows:

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3.1.19 LCA1 – Comprehensive Residential Development Area: Fairview Park & Palm Springs

LCA1 is characterized as ‘Comprehensive Residential Development Area’. It comprises

two major low-rise residential development areas (Fairview Park & Palm Springs). They

consist of generally low-rise buildings with generous soft landscape provision. The

Landscape Value Map of Hong Kong categorizes it as ‘High (Qualified)’ in value. Quality

and maturity of LCA1 is considered high given its generous greenery provision and active

management to optimize the aesthetic value. LCA1 is considered a common landscape

character in the New Territories (i.e. of low rarity) and it has high ability to accommodate

change through active management. The sensitivity of LCA1 is considered as Low when it

is subject to potential impacts from low-rise developments.

3.1.20 LCA2 – Inter-tidal Coast Landscape: Mai Po Nature Reserve (Frontier Closed Area)

LCA2 is characterized as ‘Inter-tidal Coast Landscape’ and is largely covered in Tai Long Kei

and Shek Shan SSSI. Lying between the high and low water tidal levels, it comprises

extensive mangrove habitats. As mangrove supports high biodiversity from the ecological

perspective, as well as being rated as ‘High’ in value in the Landscape Value Map of Hong

Kong, quality and maturity of LCA2 is considered high. Being designated as a SSSI, LCA2

is an uncommon landscape character both locally and internationally. LCA2 is considered

to have low ability to accommodate change arising from developments, and its sensitivity is

generally considered as High when it is subject to potential impacts from most types of

developments.

3.1.21 LCA3 – Offshore Water Landscape: Shan Pui River and Deep Bay

LCA3 is characterized as ‘Offshore Water Landscape’ which refers to the open water leading

from Shan Pui River entering Deep Bay. It forms part of the Mai Po Ramsar site and part of

Lut Chau SSSI and thus considered to be of regional importance. LCA3 is a marine LCA

considered as ‘High’ in value in the Landscape Value Map of Hong Kong as it is

predominately undeveloped and natural, with high quality and maturity. There is only a

small portion of this LCA lying along the south western margin of the 500m Assessment Area.

LCA3 is considered to be of high sensitivity to change arising from reclamation, quarry or

landfill works which are not involved in this Project.

3.1.22 LCA4 – Rural Coastal Plain Landscape: Mai Po Nature Reserve and Adjacent Ponds

LCA4 is characterized as ‘Rural Coastal Plain Landscape’ and includes the majority of Tai

Long Kei and Shek Shan SSSI, part of Lut Chau SSSI and some areas of the CA zone. It

comprises commercial fishponds, brackish marshes as well as gei wai. LCA4 is rated as

“High” in value in the Landscape Value Map of Hong Kong. As it comprises an extensive

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plain of wetland mosaic, it is considered of high quality and amenity and an uncommon

landscape character area in Hong Kong. The Project Site is entirely within this LCA4.

LCA4 is subject to routine management for conservation purposes. It is considered to be of

medium ability to accommodate change. LCA4 is considered to have Medium sensitivity to

change due to the proposed works (low-rise developments) of the Project.

Visual Sensitive Receivers (VSRs)

3.1.23 The approved EIA report identified 3 types of VSRs within the Zone of Visual Influence, i.e.

Functional VSRs, Leisure VSRs and Residential VSRs. The locations of VSRs are

indicated on Figure 9.6-1 to Figure 9.6-3 of the approved EIA report are noted. Detailed

descriptions of these VSRs in the approved EIA report are as follows:

Functional VSRs

3.1.24 Functional VSRs generally refer to those viewers who view the Project from their workplaces,

institutional and educational buildings. These viewers are generally more focused on their

work or the educational activities that they are engaged in, and are considered to be relatively

less sensitive to change compared to Residential VSRs. A total of three Functional VSRs

were identified (all are present in very few numbers), including the workers from commercial

fish ponds (F-1), staff/workers at MPEC (although this is not a true “educational building”

such as a school or university) (F-2) and workers along the pond bund of MPNR near Pond

No. 20 (F-3).

3.1.25 For the workers of commercial fish ponds (F-1), the only visible Project Element would be

a portion of the proposed footpaths along the existing visitor route. Other Project Elements

would be significantly screened off by existing tall trees at MPNR. As F-1 can enjoy 360

degrees of open outdoor view of good amenity value and can possibly view the Project

Elements at ground level, the sensitivity of F-1 to visual change as a result from the Project

is considered to be Low.

3.1.26 F-2 refers to a few WWF staff who are working at MPEC and can view a small portion of

the works areas of the new footpaths from the small windows or the platform on the second

floor of MPEC. F-2 can glimpse the Project Site when they travel to their workplace.

Sensitivity of F-2 is considered to be Low.

3.1.27 F-3 refers to the very few WWF field workers and researchers working along the pond bund

near Pond No. 20. Views of F-3 are intermittently restricted by existing trees at intervals and

they can only view the proposed TH2 and the new access when they come close to the Project

site. F-3 is considered to have Medium sensitivity to visual change due to the Project.

12 | Page

Leisure VSRs

3.1.28 Leisure VSRs are viewers who are enjoying leisure, cultural, recreational and/or educational

activities and their views could be easily distracted by the immediately adjacent amenity

landscapes or activities they are engaged in. Leisure VSRs in this Project refer to the visitors

of MPNR; and their views and sensitivity can vary according to their locations: visitors just

outside the entrance of MPNR (L-1) are considered to have Low sensitivity to the Project

as they can only glimpse a tiny portion of the Project site (the proposed footpaths). After the

visitors enter the MPNR and walk along the visitor route (L-2), they can partially view the

proposed footpaths and TH3 during construction phase(s) and all other development

components during the operation of Project, with most of the views being intermittently

blocked by existing trees. The visitors (L-3) are considered to be least sensitive when they

are bird-watching at the existing tower hide TH1, from which they are only expected to

notice minor changes due to the proposed works at TH3 approximately 100m from TH1.

Sensitivity of L-2 and L-3 to visual change due to the Project is considered to be Medium

and Low respectively.

Residential VSRs

3.1.29 Residential VSRs (R-1) refers to the very few village residents next to the entrance of

MPNR. R-1 cannot view the Project site from their home(s). However, R-1 can glimpse a

tiny portion of the proposed footpaths at the entrance of MPNR when they are travelling

home. Sensitivity of R-1 to visual change due to the Project is considered to be Low.

3.2 Methodology of Baseline Review

3.2.1 In accordance with Section 8.3.1 of the EM&A Manual, the baseline report shall be prepared

to check, record and report the status of the Landscape Resources (LRs) and Landscape

Character Areas (LCAs) within the works areas and the Visually Sensitive Receivers

(VSRs) within the visual envelope. The reviewing procedures and criteria described in

Section 8 of the EM&A Manual are adopted for this landscape baseline review.

3.2.2 Site visits were conducted on 3rd and 4th of March, 2023 to review the baseline landscape

conditions. A follow-up tree survey of the Project site was conducted on 10th and 13th of

March, 2023. Further site visits on 24th March 2023 for taking aerial photos of the area.

13 | Page

3.3 Findings

3.3.1 The area within and immediately adjacent to the Project site and works area is found to be

surrounded by commercial fish ponds, mangrove, marshes, reed fields, residential

developments and scattered tree groups and vegetations. The area is consistent with the

findings and descriptions of the identified LRs, LCAs and VSRs within the visual envelope

in the EIA report. There are also no identifiable new LRs, LCAs and VSRs in the visual

envelope that have not been assessed in the approved EIA report.

LR1-1 Mangrove

3.3.2 As observed during the site visit on 3rd of March, 2023, mangrove as identified as LR1.1 in

the approved EIA report, is consistent with the baseline conditions described in Section

9.5.3 of the approved EIA report. Photographic view of the existing conditions of LR1.1

and photograph of LR1.1 as shown in Figure 9.3.1 of the approved EIA report are illustrated

in Appendix B for easy comparison.

LR1-2 – Brackish Marsh

3.3.3 As observed during the site visit on 3rd and 4th of March, 2023, the area that was identified

as LR1.2 – Brackish Marsh in the approved EIA report is overgrown with marsh ferns

including Mangrove Fern Acrostichum aureum and Interrupted Tri-vein Fern Cyclosorus

interruptus, wetland plant species Eichhornia crassipes, Brachiaria mutica and Ipomoea

aquatica, and interspersed with patches of reeds (Phragmites australis). The existing

condition of LR1.2 is consistent with the baseline conditions described in Section 9.5.4 of

the approved EIA report. Photographic view of the existing conditions of LR1-2 and

photograph of LR1.2 as shown in Figure 9.3.1 of the approved EIA report are illustrated in

Appendix B for easy comparison’.

LR1-3 – Wooded Area

3.3.4 As observed in the site visit on 3rd of March, 2023, the two wooded patches as identified as

LR1-3 – Wooded Area in the approved EIA report are still intact. The condition of the

small wooded area at Shek Shan within MPNR is consistent with the baseline conditions

described in Section 9.5.5 of the approved EIA report. The area is still dominated by

naturally regenerated native tree species such as Ficus microcarpa, Ficus tinctoria and Ficus

subpisocarpa. The other knoll located at Tam Kon Chau Police Post and its adjacent area

next to PSFSC is also found consistent with the baseline conditions described in Section

9.5.5 of the approved EIA report. The area shows human disturbance as evidence by

presence of household waste and construction materials in the woodland understory.

Typical native tree species of woodland fringe areas, including Macaranga tanarius var.

14 | Page

tomentosa, Microcos nervosa, Ficus elastica and Ficus microcarpa, and common fruit trees

such as Litchi chinensis and Sygium jambos are observed. Photographic view of the

existing conditions of LR1-3 and photograph of LR1-3 as shown in Figure 9.3.1 of the

approved EIA report are illustrated in Appendix B for easy comparison.

LR1-4 – Reed

3.3.5 As verified in the site visit on 3rd March 2023, reed fields as identified as LR1.4 in the

approved EIA report, is consistent with the baseline conditions described in Section 9.5.6

of the approved EIA report. As observed, some of the brackish gei wai or rain-fed ponds

are overgrown with reeds, possibly due to seasonal changes of water levels. The existing

condition of LR1-4 is consistent with the baseline conditions described in Section 9.5.6 of

the approved EIA Report. Photographic view of the existing conditions of LR1-4 and

photograph of LR1-4 as shown in Figure 9.3.1 of the approved EIA report are illustrated in

Appendix B for easy comparison.

LR2-1 –Brackish gei wai

3.3.6 As verified in the site visit on 3rd March 2023, Brackish gei wai as identified as LR2-1 in

the approved EIA report, is consistent with the baseline conditions described in Section

9.5.7 of the approved EIA report. As observed, brackish gei wai with sluice gates is

functioning well. Some gei wai ponds are observed filled with water and gathered with

migrating birds. Other gei wai ponds are dominated by mangrove stands. Photographic

view of the existing conditions of LR2-1 and photograph of LR2-1 as shown in Figure 9.3.1

of the approved EIA report are illustrated in Appendix B for easy comparison.

LR2-2 – Rain-fed Ponds

3.3.7 As observed in the site visit on 3rd March 2023, rain-fed ponds as identified as LR2-2 in

the approved EIA report, is consistent with the baseline conditions described in Section

9.5.8 of the approved EIA report. As observed on 3rd march, 2023, the water levels of

these rain-fed ponds vary and might due to the dry seasons. Some of these ponds are dry

with patches of grass while others have shallow water that attracts migrating birds. Aerial

photos taken on 27th March 2023 shows some of the rain-fed ponds are filled with water.

Photographic view of the existing conditions of LR2-2 and photograph of LR2-2 as shown

in Figure 9.3.1 of the approved EIA report are illustrated in Appendix B for easy comparison.

LR2-3 – Commercial Fish Ponds

3.3.8 As observed in the site visit on 3rd March 2023, commercial fish ponds as identified as

LR2-3 in the approved EIA report, is consistent with the baseline conditions described in

Section 9.5.9 of the approved EIA report. As observed, operating commercial fish ponds

15 | Page

are presence and in some areas only steps away from the MPNR site. The observed typical

pond bunds environ and vegetations are consistent with the descriptions in Section 9.5.9 of

the approved EIA report. Photographic view of the existing conditions of LR2-3 and

photograph of LR2-3 as shown in Figure 9.3.1 of the approved EIA report are illustrated in

Appendix B for easy comparison.

LR2-4 – Channelised Watercourse

3.3.9 As verified in the site visit on 3rd March 2023, channelized watercourse as identified as

LR2-4 in the approved EIA report, is consistent with the baseline conditions described in

Section 9.5.10 of the approved EIA report. As observed, the watercourse in the Fairview

Park area is filled with water and appears to have no human activity inside the water channel.

Photographic view of the existing conditions of LR2-4 and photograph of LR2-4 as shown

in Figure 9.3.1 of the approved EIA report are illustrated in Appendix B for easy comparison.

LR2-5 – Watercourse

3.3.10 As verified in the site visit on 3rd March 2023, watercourse as identified as LR2-5 in the

approved EIA report, is consistent with the baseline conditions described in Section 9.5.11

of the approved EIA report. As observed, the watercourses are found in different areas of

the assessment area connecting different types of wetlands. The vegetation

Photographic view of the existing conditions of LR2-4 and photograph of LR2-4 as shown

in Figure 9.3.1 of the approved EIA report are illustrated in Appendix B for easy comparison.

LR2-6 – Buffalo Marsh

3.3.11 As observed in the site visit on 3rd March 2023, Buffalo Marsh as identified as LR2-6 in

the approved EIA report, is consistent with the baseline conditions described in Section

9.5.12 of the approved EIA report. As observed, the area is covered with short grass with

patches of water at the lower levels of this pond no. 17b. Two buffalos are presence in this

area. The Photographic view of the existing conditions of LR2-6 and photograph of LR2-

6 as shown in Figure 9.3.2 of the approved EIA report are illustrated in Appendix B for easy

comparison.

LR3-1 – Planting Surrounding Development Area

3.3.12 As observed in the site visit on 3rd March 2023, Planting Surrounding Development Area

as identified as LR3-1 in the approved EIA report, is consistent with the baseline conditions

described in Section 9.5.13 of the approved EIA report. As observed, trees/shrubs can be

found in the residential areas of Fairview Park and Palm Springs, at the village houses next

to the MPNR’s entrance, at other associated man-made facilities (e.g. PSFSC) in the G/IC

zone, and man-made features and facilities in MPNR. Trees/shrubs are found adjacent to

16 | Page

village houses, roads, walls, car parks and open spaces while more ornamental tree plantings

are observed in more developed areas like Fairview Park. The Photographic view of the

existing conditions of LR3-1 and photograph of LR3-1 as shown in Figure 9.3.2 of the

approved EIA report are illustrated in Appendix B for easy comparison.

LCA1 - – Comprehensive Residential Development Area: Fairview Park & Palm Springs

3.3.13 As verified in the site visit on 3rd and 4th of March 2023, Comprehensive Residential

Development Area: Fairview Park & Palm Springs as identified as LCA1 in the approved

EIA report, is consistent with the baseline conditions described in Section 9.5.19 of the

approved EIA report. The observation of this LCA is further supported with aerial photo

taken on 24th March 2023 where Fairview Park and Palm Springs in the area are consistent

with the views shown on the photos included in the approved EIA report. Photographic

view of the existing conditions of LCA1 and photograph of LCA1 as shown in Figures 9.5.1

& 9.5.2 of the approved EIA report are illustrated in Appendix C for easy comparison.

LC A2 – Inter-tidal Coast Landscape: Mai Po Nature Reserve (Frontier Closed Area)

3.3.14 As observed on 3rd and 4th of March 2023 of the area, the Inter-tidal Coast Landscape: Mai

Po Nature Reserve (Frontier Closed Area) as identified as LCA2 in the approved EIA report,

is consistent with the baseline conditions as described in Section 9.5.20 of the approved EIA

report. The observation of this LCA is further supported with aerial photo taken on 24th

March 2023 where the Inter-tidal Coast Landscape is identifiable in the Mai Po Nature

Reserve and is consistent with the views shown on the photos included in the approved EIA

report. Photographic view of the existing conditions of LCA1 and photograph of LCA1

as shown in Figures 9.5. & 9.5.2 of the approved EIA report are illustrated in Appendix C

for easy comparison.

LCA3 – Offshore Water Landscape: Shan Pui River and Deep Bay

3.3.15 As observed on 3rd and 4th of March 2023, Offshore Water Landscape: Shan Pui River and

Deep Bay as identified as LCA3 in the approved EIA report, is consistent with the baseline

conditions as described in Section 9.5.21 of the approved EIA report. Although only a

small portion of this LCA lying along the south western margin of the 500m Assessment

Area as described in the approved EIA report, this LCA has received no human interference

due to its remoteness. Aerial photo taken on 24th March 2023 of the Shan Pui River and

Deep Bay area reveals consistency with the views shown on the photos included in the

approved EIA report. Photographic view of the existing conditions of LCA1 and

photograph of LCA1 as shown in Figures 9.5.1 & 9.5.2 of the approved EIA report are

illustrated in Appendix C for easy comparison.

LCA4 –Rural Coastal Plain Landscape: Mai Po Nature Reserve and Adjacent Ponds

17 | Page

3.3.16 As observed on 3rd and 4th of March 2023, Rural Coastal Plain Landscape: Mai Po Nature

Reserve and Adjacent Ponds as identified as LCA4 in the approved EIA report, is consistent

with the baseline conditions as described in Section 9.5.22 of the approved EIA report.

The commercial fishponds, brackish marshes as well as gei wai are visible and common to

the area around the Mai Po Nature Reserve. Aerial photo taken on 24th March 2023 of the

Shan Pui River and Deep Bay area reveals consistency with the views shown on the photos

included in the approved EIA report. Photographic view of the existing conditions of

LCA1 and photograph of LCA1 as shown in Figures 9.5.1 & 9.5.2 of the approved EIA

report are illustrated in Appendix C for easy comparison.

Trees

3.3.17 The App.D of the approved EIA report does not have a tree location plan and tree assessment

schedule attached to it but a summary of the tree species composition within the survey area.

383 trees were identified in the baseline tree survey prepared for the approved EIA report.

To facilitate the baseline verification of the existing trees at the Project site, an Updated

Tree Survey Report prepared for the Tree Preservation and Removal Proposal (TPRP) of

the Project in March 2022 was used for baseline verification reference. The tree species

composition within the survey area as presented in the TPRP report does not deviate much

from the tree species composition summary included in the approved EIA report. There

were a total of 381 trees with 21 tree species identified in the TPRP report. One tree

species (Ficus virens) was found absence from the TPRP report. The difference between

the two surveys was mainly due to the increase in numbers of dead trees with respective

reduction of some of the tree species. Two trees were not accounted for in the TPRP tree

survey with no explanation given on the reduction of 383 trees in the approved EIA report

to 381 trees in the TPRP report. Tree information included in App. D of the approved EIA

Report is included in Appendix F for reference. The tree survey plans and tree assessment

schedule prepared for the TPRP report is included in Appendix G for reference.

3.3.18 As verified in the baseline tree survey on 10

and 13

of March, 2023 using the March 2022

tree survey information prepared for the TPRP report as reference, most of the trees as

identified on the Tree Location Plan of the TPRP report were found on site. 13 trees (T75

dead tree, T241 dead tree, T308 dead tree, T309 dead tree T361 dead tree, T387 dead tree,

T254 Melia azedarach, T278 Casurina equisetifolia, T326 Melia azedarach, T364 Hibiscus

tiliaceus, T396 Celtis sinensis, T404 Macaranga tanarius var. tomentosa T410 Melia

azedararch) were no longer exist at the indicated locations of the Tree Location Plan. 2

trees were found misidentified in the TPRP report (T51B & T54) and both of them should

be Ficus subpisocarpa instead of Kandelia obovata. One tree was found dead (T80 Melia

azedarach). The remaining trees were all identified at the locations as indicated on the

Tree Survey Plan of the TPRP report.

18 | Page

3.3.19 The tree species composition within the survey area as listed in App. D of the approved EIA

report, the TPRP report and baseline verification in 2023 is summerised as follows:

Scientific Name

Chinese

Common

Name

Number of

Trees

In Approved

EIA Report

(2021)

Number of

Trees In Tree

Preservation

and Removal

Proposal (2022)

Number of

Trees

In Baseline

Monitoring

2023

1. Albizia lebbeck

大葉合歡

5 5 5

Artocarpus

heterophyllus

菠蘿蜜

1 1 1

Bridelia

tomentosa

土蜜樹

2 3 3

Casuarina

equisetifolia

木麻黃

51 48 47

5. Celtis sinensis

朴樹

66 65 64

Cerbera

manghas

海杧果

34 34 34

7. Dead tree

死樹

9 20 15

Dimocarpus

longan

龍眼

1 1 1

9. Ficus microcarpa

細葉榕

10 10 10

10.

Ficus

subpisocarpa

筆管榕

31 31 33

11. Ficus virens

大葉榕

1 0 0

12.

Heritiera

littoralis

銀葉樹

4 4 4

13.

Hibiscus

tiliaceus

黃槿

39 33 32

14. Ilex rotunda

鐵冬青

1 1 1

15. Kandelia obovata

秋茄樹

17 17 15

16. Litchi chinensis

荔枝

1 1 1

17. Litsea glutinosa

潺槁樹

3 3 3

18.

Macaranga

tanarius var.

tomentosa

血桐

34 31 30

19.

Melaleuca

cajuputi subsp.

cumingiana

白千層

1 1 1

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Scientific Name

Chinese

Common

Name

Number of

Trees

In Approved

EIA Report

(2021)

Number of

Trees In Tree

Preservation

and Removal

Proposal (2022)

Number of

Trees

In Baseline

Monitoring

2023

20. Melia azedarach

楝

53 51 47

21. Morus alba

桑

1 1 1

22.

Sapium

sebiferum

烏桕

15 17 17

23.

Sterculia

lanceolata

假蘋婆

3 3 3

383

381

368

3.3.20 The baseline tree survey plans, tree assessment schedule and tree photographs are included

in Appendix D for reference.

Visual Sensitive Receivers (VSRs) and Photomontages

3.3.21 As described in the approved EIA report, the Project Site is surrounded by ponds on all sides

and can only be accessed through existing visitor routes of MPNR and some pond bunds of

the adjacent commercial fish ponds. The proposed scheme/works can be viewed only by

local VSRs, i.e. those VSRs in close proximity to the proposed Project Sites.

3.3.22 Seven representative viewpoint locations were selected and photomontages were prepared

to provide comparison between the existing views, proposals on Day 1 of operation without

mitigation, on Day 1 after mitigation, and in Year 10 after mitigation and included in the

approved EIA report. The viewpoint locations and the photomontages were presented in

Figure 9.7 and Figure 9.8 of the approved EIA report are noted. Present views of the seven

representative viewpoints of the photomontages and the representative viewpoints of the

photomontages included in the approved EIA report are illustrated in Appendix E for easy

comparison.

3.3.23 The descriptions for Photomontage Key Viewpoint VP01 in the approved EIA report is as

follow:

The viewpoint VP01 represents a view from VSRs just outside the entrance of MPNR,

including the visitors of MPNR (L-1) and the nearby villagers (R-1) just passing by the

entrance who can both view a tiny portion of the proposed footpaths. These VSRs are

expected to notice negligible changes due to the conversion of the hard paved footpath into

20 | Page

wooden boardwalks. With the responsive design of the new footpaths, the overall visual

impacts on these VSRs are considered to be Acceptable and potentially Beneficial.

3.3.24 As observed during the site visit on 3rd March, 2023 from approximate the viewpoint

selected for producing the photomontages the entrance of MPNR, the baseline landscape

condition of the areas within and adjacent to the Project site and works area remains

unchanged since the EIA stage. The views of the Project site and adjacent areas from

identified VSR are also expected to have remained unchanged.

3.3.25 The descriptions for Photomontage Key Viewpoint VP02 in the approved EIA report is as

follow:

The viewpoint VP02 represents a typical view from the workers of commercial fishponds

(i.e. F- 1). Although F-1 can walk along the pond bund immediately linked with the

existing visitor route proposed for the new footpaths, it is expected that F-2 are more

frequently working between the fishponds at considerable distances from the new

footpaths. As illustrated with the photomontage, F-2 will notice negligible changes due to

the construction of new footpaths which are located at ground level and to be screened off

by existing vegetation. The visual impacts on F-2 are considered Insubstantial in the

absence of mitigation, and Acceptable during construction and operation of Project when

mitigation measures are implemented.

3.3.26 As observed during the site visit on 3rd March, 2023 from approximate the viewpoint of the

commercial fish ponds (view form both VSRs F-1 and F-2), the baseline landscape condition

of the areas within and adjacent to the described fish ponds remains unchanged since the

EIA stage. The views of the Project site and adjacent areas from identified VSR are also

expected to have remained unchanged.

3.3.27 The descriptions for Photomontage Key Viewpoint VP03 in the approved EIA report is as

follow:

The viewpoint VP03 represents a typical view seen by visitors who are bird-watching in the

existing Tower Hide (TH1)(i.e. L-3) when looking towards the location of the proposed TH3.

As shown in the photomontage, the proposed TH3 is located some 100m from L-3 who are

expected to notice negligible changes due to the Project when these VSRs are concentrating

on their bird-watching activities. The overall visual impacts on L-3 are considered to be

Insubstantial without mitigation and Acceptable when mitigation measures are implemented.

3.3.28 As observed during the site visit on 3rd March, 2023 looking towards the location of the

proposed TH3 from the existing Tower Hide (TH1), the baseline landscape condition of the

areas within and adjacent to the described TH3 remains unchanged since the EIA stage.

21 | Page

The views of the Project site and adjacent areas from identified VSR are also expected to

have remained unchanged.

3.3.29 The descriptions for Photomontage Key Viewpoint VP04 in the approved EIA report is as

follow:

The viewpoint VP04 represents a typical view from visitors of MPNR (L-2) and staff of

MPEC (F-2) who travel to work at the entrance of MPEC and be able to view a small portion

of the new footpaths. As shown in the photomontage, the finishes of the new footpaths appear

to fit in well with the existing natural environments. These VSRs are expected to notice

negligible visual changes with the responsive design of the new footpaths.

3.3.30 As observed during the site visit on 3rd March, 2023 from approximate the viewpoint at the

entrance of the MPEC (view form both VSRs L-2 and F-2), towards the location of the

proposed footpath, the baseline landscape condition of the areas within and adjacent to the

proposed new footpaths remains unchanged since the EIA stage. The views of the Project

site and adjacent areas from identified VSR are also expected to have remained unchanged.

3.3.31 The descriptions for Photomontage Key Viewpoint VP05 in the approved EIA report is as

follow:

The viewpoint VP05 represents a view the workers along the pond bund of MPNR near gei

wai No. 20 (i.e. (F-3) who can view the proposed new access path connecting the proposed

Tower Hide TH2 when they come close to the Project elements. F-3 are expected to notice

a Medium level of visual changes and experience Moderate impacts from the construction

of the new access without mitigation (in the absence of screen planting). As illustrated in the

photomontages Day 1 and Year 10 of project operation, the view of the new access path will

be significantly softened and screened off by proposed bamboo planting on both sides of the

path. The overall visual impacts on F-3 are considered to be Acceptable when mitigation

measures are in place.

3.3.32 As observed during the site visit on 3rd March, 2023 from approximate the viewpoint along

the pond bund of MPNR near gei wai No. 20 of VSR F-3 towards the proposed new access

path connecting the proposed Tower Hide TH2, the baseline landscape condition of the areas

within and adjacent to the described proposed TH2 remains unchanged since the EIA stage.

The views of the Project site and adjacent areas from identified VSR are also expected to

have remained unchanged.

3.3.33 The descriptions for Photomontage Key Viewpoint VP06 and VP07 in the approved EIA

report is as follow:

22 | Page

The viewpoints VP06 and VP07 represent medium to long ranged views from distant viewers

who can be occasional visitors or staff of MPNR. As illustrated in the photomontages, the

viewers are not expected to perceive any noticeable visual changes as a result of the Project.

3.3.34 As observed during the site visit on 3rd March, 2023 from approximate the viewpoints of

VP06 and VP07, that represent medium to long range views from distant viewers who can

be occasional visitors or staff of MPNR, towards the views of the proposed new Tower

Hides, TH2 and TH3. The baseline landscape condition of the areas within and adjacent

to the described proposed TH2 and TH3 remains unchanged since the EIA stage. The

views of the Project site and adjacent areas from identified VSR are also expected to have

remained unchanged.

3.4 Conclusion

By reviewing relevant information from the approved EIA Report and conducting a site visit

on 3

& 4

March 2023, and tree surveys on 10

& 13

March 2023, and further site visit

on 24

March 2023, it is confirmed that the baseline condition of the area within and

immediately adjacent to Mai Po Nature Reserve and works area does not have any

significant change since the EIA stage. The visual views of these areas from the VSRs are

therefore expected to remain similar. Amendments in the design of the landscape and visual

mitigation measures as recommended in the approved EIA Report and EM&A Manual are

therefore not required.

The bi-weekly monitoring and audit shall check those Landscape and Visual Mitigation

Measures for construction phase are fully conformed by the contractor and any non-

conformity shall be reported according to the ‘Site Inspection / Audit requirement and

procedure of the EM&A manual.

23 | Page

4. WATER QUALITY

4.0.1 As part of the EM&A programme, baseline monitoring is required for determining the ambient

environmental conditions. Baseline monitoring for water quality was conducted in periods

from 4th March 2023 to 29th March 2023 in accordance to the approved EM&A Manual

before commencement of construction works.

4.0.2 The Baseline Monitoring Report for water quality presents the details of baseline study

including project background, monitoring methodology, monitoring results, summary of

findings and Action/Limit Levels (AL/LL) established for subsequent use in the Project

construction phase EM&A programme.

4.1 Monitoring Requirements

4.1.1 The Environmental Monitoring and Audit requirements are set out in the approved EM&A

Manual. Water quality was identified as key environmental issues during the construction

phase. A summary of the requirements (Monitoring Parameters, Time and Frequency) for

conducting baseline water quality monitoring is presented in the sub-sections below.

Table 4.1.1 Summary of Baseline Monitoring Parameters

Environmental Aspect Parameters Frequency

and period

Water Quality

• Water depth

• pH

• Temperature in

• Salinity in mg/L

• Turbidity in NTU

• Dissolved Oxygen (DO) in %

saturation and mg/L

• Suspended Solids (SS) in mg/L

•

Oil and Grease (O&G) in mg/L

3 days per

week for 4

consecutive

weeks

4.1.2 According to the approved EM&A Manual, water quality monitoring should be performed at

designated monitoring stations. Layout plans showing the approved monitoring locations are

attached in Appendix H. Details regarding the two designated water quality monitoring

stations are shown in Table below:

24 | Page

Table 4.1.2 Approved Water Quality Monitoring Locations

Location EASTING NORTHING

Sluice Gate 7 822107 839868

Sluice Gate 19 821344 838681

Equipment

4.1.3 DO and water temperature should be measured in-situ by a DO/temperature meter. The

equipment should be portable and weather proof using a DC power source. It should have a

membrane electrode with automatic temperature compensation complete with a cable. The

equipment should be capable of measuring:

• A DO level in the range of 0-20 mg/l and 0-200% saturation; and

• A temperature of between 0 and 45 degree Celsius.

4.1.4 A portable pH meter capable of measuring a range between 0.0 and 14.0 should be provided

to measure pH under the specified conditions (e.g. Orion Model 250A or an approved similar

instrument) accordingly to the Standard Methods, APHA.

4.1.5 Turbidity should be measured in situ by the nephelometric method. The instrument should be

portable and weatherproof using a DC power source complete with cable, sensor and

comprehensive operation manuals. The equipment should be capable of measuring turbidity

between 0-1000 NTU.

4.1.6 A water sampler, consisting of a transparent PVC or glass cylinder of a capacity of not less

than two litres which can be effectively sealed with cups at both ends should be used.

4.1.7 In-situ monitoring instruments should be checked, calibrated and certified by a laboratory

accredited under HOKLAS or other international accreditation scheme before use, and

subsequently re-calibrated at 3 monthly intervals.

Table 4.1.3 Action/Limit Levels for Water Quality Monitoring

PARAMETER ACTION LEVEL LIMIT LEVEL

DO in mg/L 5th percentile of baseline data 1st percentile of baseline data

SS in mg/L 95th percentile of baseline data 99th percentile of baseline data

Turbidity in NTU 95th percentile of baseline data 99th percentile of baseline data

4.2 Event / Action Plan

4.2.1 Should there be any triggering of Action Levels, or exceedance of Limit Levels, the Event /

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Action Plan established in the approved EM&A Manual should be followed. The Event /

Action Plan is attached below:

Table 4.2.1 Event / Action Plan for Water Quality

EVENT CONTRACTOR / ET IEC ER

Action

Level

Exceedance

1. Repeat sampling

event.

2. Inform EPD and

AFCD and confirm

notification of the

non-compliance in

writing.

3. Discuss with

contractor and the IEC

the most appropriate

method of reducing

water quality

pollution during

construction and agree

with EPD.

4. Repeat

measurements after

implementation of

mitigation for

confirmation of

compliance.

5. If non-compliance

continues, increase

measures in

appropriate method by

discussion with

contractor and the IEC

for the most

appropriate method of

reducing water quality

pollution during

construction and agree

with EPD and

1. Discuss with

Contractor/ET on

the mitigation

measures

2. Review

proposals on

mitigation

measures

submitted by

Contractor

and advise the ER

accordingly

3. Assess the

effectiveness

of the

implemented

mitigation

measures.

1. Discuss with

IEC, ET and

contractor on the

proposed

mitigation

measures;

2. Make

agreement on

the mitigation

measures to be

implemented;

3. Assess the

effectiveness of

the implemented

mitigation

measures.

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repeat measurements

after implementation of

mitigation for

confirmation of

compliance. If non-

compliance occurs a

third time, suspend

construction works and

continue sampling until

normal water quality

resumes.

Limit Level

Exceedance

Suspend construction

works and undertake

Steps 1-4 immediately.

Construction works

should only continue

when the water quality

shows compliance

again.

Undertake Steps

1-3 immediately

Undertake Steps

1-3 immediately

and consider

and instruct, if

necessary, the

Contractor to

slow down or to

stop all or part of

the construction

works until no

exceedance of

Limit level.

4.2.2 Equipment used in baseline water quality monitoring is summarized in Table below.

Calibration certificates of equipment used are attached in Appendix I

Table 4.2.2 Equipment Used in Baseline Monitoring

Environmental Aspect Equipment Model

Water Quality Multifunctional Meter Pro DSS

4.3 Monitoring Procedure

4.3.1 Field measurement procedures for each set of the water quality measurement are as followed:

i. The DO probe of the multifunctional meter is checked by wet bulb method; the pH and

turbidity probes are checked against standard solutions. Record the checking result;

ii. Record the field condition including weather conditions and any other potential source of

interference;

iii. Lower the sampler into water body and rinse it with water in the target water body;

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iv. Fill the sampler until adequate sample is collected. Replicate sample at each

monitoring location is required;

v. Rinse the bottles by the sample before transferring samples into containing bottles;

vi. Rinse the probe of multimeter with distilled water;

vii. Measure and record temperature, turbidity, pH value and DO of each bottle of sample;

viii. Bottles containing sample is stored temporarily in insulation box with ice until reaching

the laboratory;

4.3.2 The water samples shall be delivered to a HOKLAS laboratory as soon as possible for analysis,

which shall start the next working day after collection of samples. Analyses shall follow

standard methods as described in APHA Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and

Wastewater, 19th Edition, unless otherwise specified (APHA 2540D for SS and APHA 5520C

for O&G). The QA/QC details shall be in accordance with requirements of HOKLAS.

4.4 Data Management and QA/QC

4.4.1 The baseline monitoring data were handled by the ET’s in-house data recording and

management system. Laboratory responsible for laboratory analysis would follow QA/QC

requirements as set out under HOKLAS scheme.

4.4.2 Calculation for Action/ Limit Level based on the collected water samplings is summarized

as below Table 4.4.1:

Table 4.4.1 Recommended Action & Limit Levels of Water Quality

Recommended Action & Limit Levels of Water Quality

Parameter Performance

Criteria

Monitoring Location

Sluice Gate 7 Sluice Gate 19

Dissolved Oxygen

(mg/L)

Action Level

2.85

2.47

Limit Level 2.83 2.45

Suspended Solids

(mg/L)

Action Level 99.6 120.3

Limit Level 107.9 121.7

Turbidity (NTU) Action Level 47.1 122.2

Limit Level 47.2 122.8

Remark: The following data was taken out as outlier which is not considered in the Action and

Limit Level calculation of water quality.

1. Gate 7: 21/3/2023 and 25/3/2023

2. Gate 19: 21/3/2023, 23/3/2023 and 27/3/2023

Water sampling data record is referred to Appendix K.

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4.4.3 The in-situ monitoring data measured in the equipment were recorded by both field operators

and by the equipment itself. Laboratory analysis results were directly issued by the

designated laboratory. All data were then input into a computerized database which is

properly maintained by the ET. Cross checking between results was performed by other

personnel.

4.5 Discussion and Recommendations

4.5.1 The baseline water quality monitoring was undertaken during the period of 4th March 2023

to 29th March 2023 at approved monitoring stations. There was no construction works taken

place at the Project site during the baseline monitoring period.

4.5.2 The baseline monitoring of water quality was conducted during typical wet season in Hong

Kong. It is important to note that influence of seasonal changes should be taken into account

when interpreting monitoring data obtained during dry season.

4.5.3 Review of the baseline conditions may need to be conducted regularly, in particular during

seasonal changes. If the changes in baseline conditions are evident, the environmental

performance criteria should be re-established by agreement of the ER and IEC and submitted

to EPD for endorsement.